AeThex-OS/docs/MULTI_TENANCY_COMPLETE.md

# Multi-Tenancy Implementation Summary

## 🎯 Overview

This implementation adds full multi-tenancy support to AeThex-OS, enabling organizations, team collaboration, and project-based ownership.

---

## ✅ Deliverables Completed

### 1. Database Schema Changes (`shared/schema.ts`)

#### New Tables Added:
- ✅ **organizations** - Workspace/team containers
  - `id`, `name`, `slug`, `owner_user_id`, `plan`, timestamps
- ✅ **organization_members** - Team membership
  - `id`, `organization_id`, `user_id`, `role` (owner/admin/member/viewer)
  - Unique constraint on (organization_id, user_id)
- ✅ **project_collaborators** - Project-level permissions
  - `id`, `project_id`, `user_id`, `role`, `permissions` (jsonb)
  - Unique constraint on (project_id, user_id)
  - CASCADE on project deletion

#### Existing Tables Updated:
Added nullable `organization_id` column to:
- ✅ `projects` (also added `owner_user_id` for standardization)
- ✅ `aethex_projects`
- ✅ `marketplace_listings`
- ✅ `marketplace_transactions`
- ✅ `files`
- ✅ `custom_apps`
- ✅ `aethex_sites`
- ✅ `aethex_opportunities`
- ✅ `aethex_events`

All with foreign key constraints (ON DELETE RESTRICT) and indexes.

---

### 2. SQL Migrations

#### Migration 0004: Organizations & Collaborators
File: `/migrations/0004_multi_tenancy_organizations.sql`
- Creates `organizations`, `organization_members`, `project_collaborators` tables
- Adds foreign key constraints
- Creates indexes for common queries

#### Migration 0005: Organization FKs
File: `/migrations/0005_add_organization_fks.sql`
- Adds `organization_id` columns to all entity tables
- Creates foreign keys with ON DELETE RESTRICT
- Adds indexes for org-scoped queries
- Backfills `projects.owner_user_id` from existing data

#### Backfill Script
File: `/script/backfill-organizations.ts`
- Creates default organization for each existing user
- Format: `"<display_name>'s Workspace"`
- Generates unique slugs
- Adds user as organization owner
- Backfills `organization_id` for user's existing entities

---

### 3. Server Middleware (`server/org-middleware.ts`)

#### Middleware Functions:
- ✅ **attachOrgContext** - Non-blocking middleware that:
  - Reads org ID from `x-org-id` header or session
  - Falls back to user's first/default org
  - Verifies membership and attaches `req.orgId`, `req.orgRole`
- ✅ **requireOrgMember** - Blocks requests without org membership
- ✅ **requireOrgRole(minRole)** - Enforces role hierarchy (viewer < member < admin < owner)

#### Helper Functions:
- ✅ **assertProjectAccess(projectId, userId, minRole)** - Checks:
  - Project ownership
  - Collaborator role
  - Organization membership (if project is in an org)

---

### 4. Server API Routes (`server/routes.ts`)

#### Organization Routes:
- ✅ `GET /api/orgs` - List user's organizations
- ✅ `POST /api/orgs` - Create new organization (auto-adds creator as owner)
- ✅ `GET /api/orgs/:slug` - Get organization details (requires membership)
- ✅ `GET /api/orgs/:slug/members` - List organization members (requires membership)

#### Project Routes (Updated):
- ✅ `GET /api/projects` - Org-scoped list (admin sees all, users see org projects)
- ✅ `GET /api/projects/:id` - Access-controlled project fetch
- ✅ `GET /api/projects/:id/collaborators` - List collaborators (requires contributor role)
- ✅ `POST /api/projects/:id/collaborators` - Add collaborator (requires admin role)
- ✅ `PATCH /api/projects/:id/collaborators/:collabId` - Update role/permissions (requires admin)
- ✅ `DELETE /api/projects/:id/collaborators/:collabId` - Remove collaborator (requires admin)

#### Middleware Application:
```typescript
app.use("/api/orgs", requireAuth, attachOrgContext);
app.use("/api/projects", attachOrgContext);
app.use("/api/files", attachOrgContext);
app.use("/api/marketplace", attachOrgContext);
```

---

### 5. Client Components

#### OrgSwitcher Component (`client/src/components/OrgSwitcher.tsx`)
- Dropdown menu in top nav
- Lists user's organizations
- Shows current org with checkmark
- Stores selection in localStorage
- Provides hooks:
  - `useCurrentOrgId()` - Get active org ID
  - `useOrgHeaders()` - Get headers for API calls

#### Organizations List Page (`client/src/pages/orgs.tsx`)
- View all user's organizations
- Create new organization with name + slug
- Auto-generates slug from name
- Shows user's role per org
- Navigation to settings

#### Organization Settings Page (`client/src/pages/orgs/settings.tsx`)
- Tabbed interface: General | Members
- **General Tab:**
  - Display org name, slug, plan
  - (Edit capabilities noted as "coming soon")
- **Members Tab:**
  - List all members with avatars
  - Show roles with colored badges + icons
  - Owner (purple/crown), Admin (cyan/shield), Member (slate/user), Viewer (slate/eye)

#### Routes Added to App.tsx:
```tsx
<Route path="/orgs">{() => <ProtectedRoute><Orgs /></ProtectedRoute>}</Route>
<Route path="/orgs/:slug/settings">{() => <ProtectedRoute><OrgSettings /></ProtectedRoute>}</Route>
```

---

### 6. Documentation

#### README_EXPANSION.md Updated
- Added section: "Multi-Tenancy & Project Ownership"
- Documented difference between `projects` and `aethex_projects`:
  - **projects**: Canonical internal project graph, org-scoped, full collaboration
  - **aethex_projects**: Public showcase/portfolio, creator-focused
- Outlined future migration plan to link the two

---

## 🔧 Usage Guide

### For Developers

#### Running Migrations:
```bash
# Apply migrations
npx drizzle-kit push

# Run backfill script
npx tsx script/backfill-organizations.ts
```

#### Making Org-Scoped API Calls (Client):
```tsx
import { useOrgHeaders } from "@/components/OrgSwitcher";

function MyComponent() {
  const orgHeaders = useOrgHeaders();
  
  const { data } = useQuery({
    queryKey: ["/api/projects"],
    queryFn: async () => {
      const res = await fetch("/api/projects", {
        credentials: "include",
        headers: orgHeaders, // Adds x-org-id header
      });
      return res.json();
    },
  });
}
```

#### Checking Project Access (Server):
```typescript
import { assertProjectAccess } from "./org-middleware.js";

app.get("/api/projects/:id/some-action", requireAuth, async (req, res) => {
  const accessCheck = await assertProjectAccess(
    req.params.id,
    req.session.userId!,
    'contributor' // minimum required role
  );
  
  if (!accessCheck.hasAccess) {
    return res.status(403).json({ error: accessCheck.reason });
  }
  
  // Proceed with action
});
```

---

## 🚀 What's Next (Future Work)

### Phase 2: Full Org Scoping
- Scope `aethex_sites`, `aethex_opportunities`, `aethex_events` list endpoints
- Add org filtering to admin dashboards
- Implement org-wide analytics

### Phase 3: Advanced Permissions
- Granular permissions matrix (read/write/delete per resource)
- Project templates and cloning
- Org-level roles (billing admin, content moderator, etc.)

### Phase 4: Billing & Plans
- Integrate Stripe for org subscriptions
- Enforce feature limits per plan (free/pro/enterprise)
- Usage metering and billing dashboard

### Phase 5: Invitations & Discovery
- Email-based invitations to join organizations
- Invite links with tokens
- Public org directory (for discoverability)
- Transfer ownership flows

---

## 📊 Architecture Decisions

### Why Nullable `organization_id` First?
- **Safety**: Existing data remains intact
- **Gradual Migration**: Users can operate without orgs initially
- **Backfill-Ready**: Script can populate later without breaking changes

### Why RESTRICT on Delete?
- **Data Safety**: Accidental org deletion won't cascade delete all projects
- **Audit Trail**: Forces manual cleanup or archive before deletion
- **Future Proof**: Can implement "soft delete" or "archive" later

### Why Separate `project_collaborators`?
- **Flexibility**: Collaborators can differ from org members
- **Granular Control**: Project-level permissions independent of org roles
- **Cross-Org Collaboration**: Future support for external collaborators

### Why Keep Legacy Columns (`user_id`, `owner_id`)?
- **Backwards Compatibility**: Existing code paths still work
- **Migration Safety**: Can validate new columns before removing old ones
- **Rollback Path**: Easy to revert if issues found

---

## ✅ Testing Checklist

- [ ] Run migrations on clean database
- [ ] Run backfill script with existing user data
- [ ] Create organization via UI
- [ ] Invite member to organization (manual DB insert for now)
- [ ] Switch between orgs using OrgSwitcher
- [ ] Verify projects are scoped to selected org
- [ ] Add collaborator to project
- [ ] Verify access control (viewer vs admin)
- [ ] Check that legacy `projects` queries still work (admin routes)

---

## 📝 Migration Checklist for Production

1. **Pre-Migration:**
   - [ ] Backup database
   - [ ] Review all foreign key constraints
   - [ ] Test migrations on staging

2. **Migration:**
   - [ ] Run 0004_multi_tenancy_organizations.sql
   - [ ] Run 0005_add_organization_fks.sql
   - [ ] Run backfill-organizations.ts script
   - [ ] Verify all users have default org

3. **Post-Migration:**
   - [ ] Verify existing projects still accessible
   - [ ] Check org member counts
   - [ ] Test org switching in UI
   - [ ] Monitor for access control issues

4. **Cleanup (Later):**
   - [ ] Once validated, make `organization_id` NOT NULL
   - [ ] Drop legacy columns (`user_id`, `owner_id` from projects)
   - [ ] Update all queries to use new columns

---

**Status:** ✅ Multi-tenancy foundation complete and ready for use.